Strengthening U.S. Homeland Security Policies against Potential Research Paper

Strengthening U.S. Homeland Security Policies against Potential Islamic Jihad Union Attacks - Research Paper Example Since the bombing of the Twin Towers, the U.S. has been adamant in tightening its homeland security policies and programs. The executive branch, in collaboration with the legislative and the judiciary branches, has created, developed, and implemented essential laws that are aimed at protecting U.S. citizens from various threats of terrorism. Unfortunately, as the different breakthroughs in communication and modern weaponry continue to take place, so do the threats from these notorious terrorist groups. Thus, it is in the critical study of the background, tactics and strategies of these terrorist groups that the U.S. can further enhance its current homeland security policies. In this paper, we first take a close look at the Islamic Jihad Union in order to understand the group’s historical background, its primary ideologies and goals, and its basic strategies. Then, we examine the U.S. Homeland Security Policy by specifically highlighting on the policies regarding these issues: border and transportation security; domestic counter-terrorism; and emergency preparedness and response. Through this review, we intend to underscore the policies’ strengths and weaknesses in order to provide sound and implementable recommendations which are targeted to enhance such policies. At the end of this paper, we seek to justify the paper’s thesis that although there is an efficient, accurate, and effective implementation of the major policies in the federal government level, emphasis must be placed on enhancing the execution in the local level, specifically on border and transportation security. I. The Islamic Jihad Union (IJU) The discussion on the Islamic Jihad Union (IJU) is to be divided into three parts. The first part will give a brief background of the group by looking at its organizational structure, ideology, and overall goals. The next part will understand the capabilities of the group in spreading terrorism by focusing on its recruitment and training

Agriculture of Pakistan Essay Example for Free

Agriculture of Pakistan Essay Agriculture is a vital sector of Pakistans economy and accounted for 25. 9 percent of GDP in 1999-2000, according to government estimates. The sector directly supports three-quarters of the countrys population, employs half the labor force , and contributes a large share of foreign exchange earnings. The main agricultural products are cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, and vegetables, in addition to milk, beef, mutton, and eggs. Pakistan depends on one of the worlds largest irrigation systems to support production. There are 2 principal seasons. Cotton, rice, and sugarcane are produced during the kharif season, which lasts from May to November. Wheat is the major rabi crop, which extends from November to April. The key to a much-needed improvement of productivity lies in a more efficient use of resources, principally land and water. However, change is dependent on the large landowners who own 40 percent of the arable land and control most of the irrigation system, which makes widespread reform difficult. Assessments by independent agencies, including the World Bank, show these large landholdings to be very unproductive. Pakistan is a net importer of agricultural commodities. Annual imports total about US$2 billion and include wheat, edible oils, pulses, and consumer foods. Pakistan is one of the worlds largest producers of raw cotton. The size of the annual cotton crop—the bulk of it grown in Punjab province—is a crucial barometer of the health of the overall economy, as it determines the availability and cost of the main raw material for the yarn-spinning industry, much of which is concentrated around the southern port city of Karachi. Official estimates put the 1999-2000 harvest at some 11. 2 million 170-kilogram bales, compared with the 1998-99 outturn of 8. 8 million bales and the record 12. 8 million bales achieved in 1991-92. The government recently actively intervened in the market to boost prices and to encourage production. A major problem is that the cotton crop is highly susceptible to adverse weather and pest damage, which is reflected in crop figures. After peaking at 2. 18 million tons in 1991-92, the lint harvest has since fluctuated considerably, ranging from a low of 1. 37 million tons in 1993-94 to a high of 1. 9 million tons in 1999-2000. The 2000-01 wheat crop was forecast at a record 19. 3 million tons, compared to 17. 8 million tons produced during the previous year. This increase is due largely to favorable weather and a 25-percent increase in the procurement price to about US$135 per ton. About 85 percent of the crop is irrigated. Despite the record production, Pakistan will continue to be a major wheat importer. The government has imported an average of US$2. 4 million annually over the past 5 years. The United States and Australia are the major suppliers. Demand for wheat is increasing from Pakistans rapidly growing population as well as from cross-border trade with Afghanistan. Pakistan is a major rice exporter and annually exports about 2 million tons, or about 10 percent of world trade. About 25 percent of exports is Pakistans famous fragrant Basmati rice. Rice is Pakistans second leading source of export earnings. Private traders handle all exports. Pakistans main competitors in rice trade are Thailand, Vietnam, and India. Tobacco is grown mainly in the North-West Frontier Province and Punjab and is an important cash crop . Yields in Pakistan are about twice those for neighboring countries largely due to the extension services provided by the industry. Quality, however, is improving only slowly due to problems related to climate and soil. Farmers have started inter-cropping tobacco with vegetables and sugarcane to increase returns. About half of the total production is used for cigarette manufacturing and the remainder used in traditional ways of smoking (in hand-rolled cigarettes called birris, in water pipes, and as snuff). The share of imported tobacco is increasing gradually in response to an increased demand for high-quality cigarettes. Minor crops account for only 5 percent of total cultivated area; these include oilseeds (sunflower, soybean), chilies, potatoes, and onions. Domestic oilseed production accounts only for about 25 percent of Pakistan total edible oil needs. As a result, Pakistan spends more than US$1 billion annually in scarce foreign exchange to import edible oils, while its oilseed processing industry operates at less than 25 percent of capacity due to an inadequate supply of oilseeds. For 2000-01 total oilseed production was forecast to decrease 10 percent to 3. 6 million tons. The government has highlighted development of the oilseed sector as a priority. Pakistans fishing industry is relatively modest, but has shown strong growth in recent years. The domestic market is quite small, with per capita annual consumption of approximately 2 kilograms. About 80 percent of production comes from marine fisheries from 2 main areas, the Sindh coast east from Karachi to the Indian border, and the Makran coast of Baluchistan. Ninety percent of the total marine catch is fish; the shrimp which constitute the remainder are prized because of their greater relative value and demand in foreign markets. During 1999-00, total fish production was 620,000 tons, of which 440,000 tons consisted of sea fish and the remainder were fresh-water species. About one-third of the catch is consumed fresh, 9 percent is frozen, 8 percent canned, and about 43 percent used as fish meal for animal food. Livestock accounts for 40 percent of the agricultural sector and 9 percent of the total GDP. Principal products are milk, beef, mutton, poultry, and wool. During 1999, the livestock population increased to 120 million head. That same year Pakistan generated 970,000 tons of beef, 640,000 tons of mutton, and 190,000 tons of poultry. In an effort to enhance milk and meat production, the government recently launched a comprehensive livestock development project with Asian Development Bank assistance. Poultry production provides an increasingly popular low-cost source of protein. Modern poultry production is constrained by high mortality, high incidence of disease, poor quality chicks, and poor quality feed, combined with an inadequate marketing system. Frozen poultry have only recently been introduced. Forests cover an area of 4. 2 million hectares or about 5 percent of the total area of Pakistan. The principal forest products are timber, principally for house construction, furniture, and firewood. Many of the countrys wooded areas are severely depleted as a result of over-exploitation. The government has restricted cutting to protect remaining resources—though corruption often jeopardizes environmental efforts—and has lowered duties to encourage imports. Forestry production has since declined from 1. 07 million cubic meters in 1990-91 to 475,000 cubic meters in 1998-99. Pakistan imports an estimated US$150 million of wood products annually to meet the requirements of a growing population and rising demand by a wealthy elite.

The History Of Mahindra And Mahindra

The History Of Mahindra And Mahindra K. C. Mahindra is the person who established Mahindra and Mahindra when he visited United States of America as Chairman of the India Supply Mission. When he met Barney Roos who invented general purpose vehicle or Jeep who was the inspiration for K. C. Mahindra. K. C. Mahindra Brothers joined with Ghulam Mohammed. And Mahindra Mohammed was set up as franchise for assembling jeeps from Willys, USA on October 2nd, 1945.After Two years Mahindra Mohammed changed its name to Mahindra Mahindra. Mahindra Mahindra grown in size and stature and it also occupied a premier position in all key sectors of economy. Mahindra Mahindra group is engaged in an ambitious and prolonged penetration into the global arena. DIFFERENT VEHICLES IN MAHINDRA MAHINDRA: FIG a: Indias first Prime Minister.   FIG b: Mahindra Scorpio A passenger in the past FIG c: The electric car of Mahindra and FIG d: Mahindra tractor. its name is Mahindra REVA. FIG e: Mahindra Jeeps are used FIG f: Two wheeler model in Mahindra Mahindra for daily transport in Agra. and its name is Mahindra Flyte. The company encapsulated its ambition, spirit and inspiration from golden words of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru: The woods are lovely, dark and deep,   But I have promises to keep,   And miles to go before I sleep,   And miles to go before I sleep. The golden words are translated into many more milestones to be set up before it rest. Today, It has evolved into a premium SUV(Sport Utility Vehicle) and MUV(Multi Utility Vehicle) with a large number of cars in the Indian car market. Today in the Indian car market we can see three types of Mahindra cars they are Mahindra Bolero, Mahindra Maxx, Mahindra Scorpio. In the present scenario Mahindra Mahindra total turnover is of about 6 billion dollars. Organization analysis: Mission/Vision Goals and Objectives Strategy followed Vision: Indians are second in the world in manufacturing automobiles. The founders of our nation and our company passionately believed by us. We will prove them right by believing in ourselves and by making MM Ltd. known worldwide for the quality of its product and services. And its new innovations. The important goal of Mahindra Mahindra is to provide highly technological innovative product and services . E-business Initiatives and by out sourcing of technology Products that redefined the market By 2015 Mahindra Mahindra wants to enter almost all continents in the world. Joint ventures, acquisition and merger with different players in other countries Foreign competition. Mission of Anand Mahindra: We dont have a group-wide mission statement. Our core purpose is what makes all of us want to get up and come to work in the morning. Mr. Mahindra awards: Rajiv Gandhi Award 2004 for outstanding contribution in business field. From President of French Republic as Knight of the Order of Merit. In the year 2005 from Auto Monitor as Person of the year. From American India Foundation 2005 Leadership Award for his, and the Mahindra Mahindra group for its commitment to CSR(Corporate Social Responsibility). CNBC Asia Business Leader Award for the year 2006. Business Man of the year 2007 from Business India. Business Leader of the year 2009 by Economic Times. Miles stones of Mahindra Mahindra: In 1948 Mahindra Mahindra LTD associated with UK for Steel trading business. In 1957 Mahindra Owen established- a joint venture with Rubery Owen Company LTD, UK. In 1969 the Company entered the world market which exports utility vehicles and spare parts. In 1975 Mahindra Engines developed an diesel engine for its vehicles. In 1982 the Mahindra brand tractors were launched. In 1986 Tech Mahindra (formerly known as Mahindra British Telecom) is established. In 1994 Mahindra group created 6 Strategic Business Units they are: Automotive or Automobiles, Trading, Farm Equipment, Infrastructure, Financial Services, Information Technology(earlier it is Telecom and Software) and Systech(earlier it is MSAT). In 1999 Mahindra group launched a 3-wheeler vehicle which is environmental friendly, a battery-operated. In the year 2007 Mahindra group focused on health and the environment. It launched Mahindra Hariyali, which aims to add 1 million trees to Indias green cover and it also launched Lifeline Express. In the year 2007 Tech Mahindra LTD launched Tech Mahindra Foundation on June 13th 2007. These are the some of the milestones of Mahindra Mahindra groups. FOUR Is of Mahindra Mahindra: The four Is: INNOVATIONS. INFRASTRUCTURE. INVESTIMENT. INSTITUTIONS. INNOVATIONS: Mahindra Mahindra is one of the top industry in India. The director of the Mahindra Mahindra Anand Mahindra put innovation is the core of its growth strategy. The radical innovation is successful in managing the balance between the structured processes and the creation of an environment. According to this MM group: Innovation should start with the insight about customer, which the Mahindra Mahindra group found by going to fields and observing the lives of farmers. And this group found that the tractors were used for personal use. The Mahindra Mahindra group encourages the experiments. The new inventions should add value to companys bottom line that is nothing but profit. The important point is that great products should have great design. Thus Mahindra Mahindra took this initiative and made the culture of innovation. INFRASTRUCTURE: The Mahindra Mahindra infrastructure is a JV between Mahindra Group and International Finance Corporation. It works close association with global companies to bring world class technologies and practices. It mainly focus on ownership, development and management of infrastructure projects. It is becoming the leading infrastructure developer in the country. INSTITUTIONS: The Mahindra Mahindra group is placed in all sectors like Telecommunications and it is named as Tech Mahindra. Software, Mahindra Mahindra came to software field after buying Satyam company and it is named as Mahindra Satyam Mahindra Mahindra also has its recognition in the Infrastructure and it is named as Mahindra Infrastructure Developers. In this it also have holiday resorts it named as Mahindra Holidays and Resort LTD (MHRIL) Mahindra Mahindra is one of the top industry in India for automobiles and it is the starting point of Mahindra Mahindra company. Mahindra Mahindra also involved in financial sector and its name is Mahindra Mahindra Financial Service LTD. Mahindra Mahindra Group also have Mahindra Special Services which was established in 2001 as a separate division in Mahindra Mahindra. Mahindra Mahindra also have Mahindra Defence Systems which oversees the requirement of Indias Defence and Security forces. INVESTIMENTS: Mahindra Mahindra group have shares in many companies. Presently Mahindra Mahindra Group want to acquire Ssangyong and expand its business in international market. But on other hand, its investors are quite suspicious regarding the investment. In the past Mahindra Mahindra Group made many Joint Ventures and acquisitions and it has forayed into different sectors of automobiles like light, medium and heavy commercial vehicles. It also ambitious to acquire two wheelers also. PESTEL ANALYSIS ON MAHINDRA MAHINDRA: Many factors in the environment that affect the organization are: Tax changes. Trade barriers. Government policy changes. New laws. Demographic change. These are the some of the macro changes. Thus to analyze these factors we categorize them using PESTEL analysis. The PESTEL analysis includes Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Ecological, Legal factors. Political Factors: This is a Government policy which includes what are the goods and services does a Government want, to what extent the government can subsidize firms and its priorities in political decisions and business support. The factors related to Mahindra Mahindra group: For Mahindra tractor industry the Government laid stress on mechanism of agriculture to boost food grain production. Change in Taxation policy. Regaining Agricultural dynamism is the key goal in eleventh Five year plan. ECONOMICAL FACTORS: The Economical factors which includes taxation change, inflation, interest rates, economic growth and exchange rates. The factors related to Mahindra Mahindra group: Cost of tractors in India are more cheaper when compared to other countries. 95% of tractors are on credit based. For agriculture inputs Less interest rate charged by the banks. Social Factors: As the population increases the demand on goods get increased. Thus there will be demand for firm products and industry. As there is increase in awareness in farmers there is a need technology and thus there is a requirement of tractors and farmers can buy tractors on credit bases. To meet the farmers demand the mechanized operations are preferred to eliminate delay, also labor shortage. The other main important thing which Mahindra Mahindra do for its long-term sustainability is CSR(Corporate Social Responsibility). Mahindra Mahindra group spend Rs. 1.3 crore it is head donation in its annual report. Its activities include K. C. Mahindra Education Trust which provides education at various levels. There is another program for helping unprivileged girl child at the Mahindra foundation it is Nanhi. This are the main things which are done by Mahindra Mahindra group for its long-term sustainability. The Mahindra Mahindra also have its own foundation as Mahindra Foundation which was set up with a specific objective that to provide medical relief to poor people. The Mahindra foundation always very responsive to any major disasters whether it has been taken as tsunami or the Gujarat earthquake, it provided support either by financially or by sending vehicles, supplying manpower or material. Technological Factors: Increase in new Technology can create new products and process which can reduce the cost, improve the quality, lead to innovation and also reduce the life cycle of the product. This technology will benefit consumers as well as organizations. The factors related to Mahindra Mahindra group: Continuous technological innovation. Continuous improvement in technology will reduce use of Renewable energy development. Ecological Factors: It include weather and climate change. The major climate changes occurring due to Acid rain, Green-house effect, Global warming thus it is becoming significant for the firms. Thus because of this impact environmentally friendly products and processes have more demand and also creating business opportunities. The factors related to Mahindra Mahindra group: Global Warming. Mahindra group is trying to release electric cars to reduce the pollution and also reduce the usage of renewable goods. Legal Factors: Legal factors are related to legal environment. In recent years the developing countries changed the Legal factors which affected the firms in other countries due to globalization. The legal factors related to Mahindra Mahindra group: Agricultural policy Collaboration with government which shapes policy issues. SWOT ANALYSIS: SWOT (Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats) of Mahindra Mahindra group Strengths of Mahindra Mahindra group: Mahindra Mahindra is one of the top players in the world in terms of number of tractors sold. This itself shows that Mahindra Mahindra market share is the biggest strength of the company. It also have highest domestic share. The some other strengths of Mahindra Mahindra group: Product portfolio of Mahindra Mahindra got extended from 20hp to 30hp. There is government support for Mahindra Mahindra Group.A Availability of technically skilled people from JTC (Jiangling Tractor Company). For its next stage of expansion Mahindra Mahindra have a strategy. It not only focus on new products, it also have a programme of intensive management development to establish its leader for future. The major strength of Mahindra Mahindra is it have ability to introduce new products and process in to the market and also can generate sales for those new products. Weakness of Mahindra Mahindra group: The production is non-competitive because of high interest costs and overheads. Infrastructure of this group is Bottle neck. The companys passenger cars are based upon 3rd and 4th generation platform. In this group there is lack of efficiency for new plant layout. Another weakness of Mahindra Mahindra is multi franchise. In Mahindra Mahindra there is no effective dealership. The MM is mainly dependent on rural sector, the rural sector mainly depends on monsoon. Thus if there is bad monsoon for two consecutive years which leads to adverse impact on demand for tractors. Opportunities of Mahindra Mahindra group: Rural demand is increased. Income level is increasing. Ban for overloading of commercial vehicles. With the support of local partners there is an easy entry to Chinese market. The Mahindra Mahindra will be more competitive in Chinese market if they provided after sales service. To get more demand the Mahindra Mahindra group should export Chinese range tractors to India and Indian range tractors to China. Mahindra also entered in to software field after buying satyam and renamed it as Mahindra Satyam. Threats of Mahindra Mahindra group: Input cost got increased. Competition also increasing. The most important threat of Mahindra Mahindra is legal consideration. In China the Banking facilities are undeveloped. The MM also involved in different fields like holidays, telecom industry, financial services and resort etc. Which should have good subsidiaries from time to time if these are unmanageable this will divert the companys attention from its business which leads to destruction of shareholders value. Mahindra Mahindra will face more competition if the foreign players enter in to the tractor segment because these foreign players are technically more competitive when compared to MM. CONCULSION: Thus according to research on Mahindra Mahindra Group it shows that the company uses the Strategic Key points in the external environment for long-term sustainability and sustained success. It is the one which encourages the new ideas and also have plan to sale the new product in the market. This company is the one which try to develop new products for consumers. Mahindra Mahindra company is also socially responsible it give 1.3 crore only from its annual report for helping poor and unprivileged girls. Which shows that the company not only think about its profits but also feel the responsible about our country India. It is that which also do international trading with other countries. It also have a clear vision and goal which shows the dedication of the company. The mission itself says that it is not thinking about profits but it want develop ourselves. Mahindra and Mahindra tries to develop the new products which do not harm the environment and save the renewable reso urces example MAHINDRA REVA which is an electric car. According to research it shows that Mahindra Mahindra is one company which is respected and trusted by consumers and it is the top industry in INDIA. .

The Events Preceding the Movement of the Asiatic People into Europe :: Asian History Mongols Osmanli Turks Essays

The Events Preceding the Movement of the Asiatic People into Europe In order to discuss the movements of Asiatic peoples into Europe from the first inroad of the Huns to the conquests of the Osmanli Turks in the sixteenth century, it will be necessary to review briefly the events in central and eastern Asia which preceded and precipitated these incursions. From the time that the Irano-Aryan ancestors had arrived in Russian Turkestan in anticipation of their descent into the hills of northwestern India, much of this grassy plain had been the home of those Iranians who remained behind while their kinsmen climbed the mountains which would take them into India and the Irano-Afghan plateau. These Iranians apparently developed, or borrowed, a high degree of adaptation to their steppe environment, and especially through the perfection of pastoral nomadism with the horse as chief instrument of mobility. They expanded through the passes to the eastward, which took them to Kashgaria, and there came in contact with the Chinese Empire. On the other side, they expanded westward into Europe, where we have already studied them in the form of Scythians and Sarmatians. To the northwest of the vast Iranian domain, in Mongolia, a number of semi-agricultural, semi-pastoral tribes, possessing the sheep, probably also cattle, and perhaps wagons, but apparently not the horse, came in early times to the attention of the Chinese historians. By 800 B.C. we hear of a people called the Hiung-Nu, who gradually grew in importance until they came to dominate all of Mongolia.8 At a fairly late date, set by McGovern between 541 and 300 B.C., the Hiung-Nu presumably obtained horses, and learned to ride them. They seem to have acquired these animals from the Iranians or from Turkish-speaking peoples, along with the whole complex of horse nomadism. Chinese accounts of the Hiung-Nu later than the third century B.C. refer to them as typical plainsmen, strikingly similar in many cultural respects to the Scythians. The six centuries, more or less, from 400 B.C. to 200 A.D., formed the period of greatness of the Hiung-Nu in Mongolia, during which they constantly harried China, and took possession of Chinese Turkestan. Despite their conquest, however, Iranian languages, and the mysterious Tokharian B, persisted in the towns until 800 A.D. or later. At length the Chinese took measures to rid themselves of this nuisance, and succeeded in defeating the Hiung-Nu so completely that they abandoned their territory and disappeared to the westward.

Photosynthesis Playbill

The CREW Stage Manager Jo King Assistant Stage ManagerUriel Smart Creator/Writer NH Graphic Designer Kenny Dewitt Costume Designer Uta Mann Set and Props Crew Starr E. Sky Lighting DesignerWanda Rinn Sound Crew Dinah Might Dance Crew Jim Class Makeup Vic Toree DresserNeil B. Formi Acknowledgements The script, Life of Ps was made possible by my AP Biology teacher’s assignment.If not for her, I would never have sat down and composed a four page script about Photosynthesis. I would also like to thank my supporting family for listening to my complaints and frustrations throughout this process. My gratitude goes out to the AP Bio Facebook group as well, for answering all the questions I had about Photosynthesis. Thank you all very much. The CAST In order of appearance *Narrator *Thylakoid Lila *Calvin Cycle Cal Water H-Two-Oh *Electrons *Oxygen Oxi *Photons Tony *Photosystems II and I (respectively) *Chlorophylls A (P680 and P700) *Hydrogen Ion The Hydrogen Twins *Ferredoxin *Cytoc hrome Complex *Plastoquinone *Carbon Dioxide *NADP+ and NADPH *NADP+ Reductase *ATP Synthase *ATP and ADP + P *Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) and RuBisCO *3-PGA *G3P *Glucose Biographies Main characters (Alphabetically)Calvin Cycle: Three phases occur here: carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration Chlorophylls A (P680 and P700): reflects green light, and absorbs red and blue light to being the process of photosynthesis Electrons: transported through the Electron Transport Chain for the production of ATP and NADPH Glucose: ATP from the Light Reactions are used, with the addition of hydrogen ions to CO2 to make glucose. Narrator: Narrates the play Thylakoid: interconnected sacs and membranes within the chloroplast that contain enzymes involved in Light Reactions Water: is split to release electrons, hydrogen ions, and oxygen

Taylor McCauslin Essays (1297 words) - Anna Quindlen, 9, Free Essays

Taylor McCauslin Essays (1297 words) - Anna Quindlen, 9, Free Essays Taylor McCauslin Nick Lakostik English 1100 3 October 2015 The Dynamic Meaning of Happiness Anna Quindlen evaluates the average American and their need for consumption in her op-ed; "Stuff is Not Salvation." She discusses the impact of various roles given to people in society on how Americans views' on possessions has changed over the years. She uses real life experiences to drive home the point that Americans are losing focus of what matters. Overall, Quindlen's view that "stuff is not salvation," could not have a more true relation to modern American ideals. I wholeheartedly agree that Americans today have a very misaligned sense of priorities with unimportant materials somehow taking control of the priority list for way too many people. Quindlen uses the high need for "real things" as a response to the apparent need Americans seem to have for buying various items. She later states that when a consumer gives in to their urge to buy items, it shadows the importance of needs that are much more severe and widespread. Quindlen then makes it known that, "For the first time this month, the number of people on food stamps will exceed the 30 million mark. Hard times offer the opportunity to ask hard questions, and one of them is the one my friend asked, staring at sweaters and shoes: why did we buy all this stuff?" (par. 8-9). This is a fantastic argument. I admit to being guilty of asking myself this same question multiple times over. The sad part is that I didn't realize it was junk until I was staring at a collection of unused items in my closet, none of which have been used in more than a year. I wanted them so badly at the time that I actually thought I needed them. By feeding the urge, I in turn let thoughts of important matters fall to the background. Almost every paycheck, I believe that I am going to spend a certain amount on charity. More often than not, I don't. I end up spending it on items instead. This societal want has already gotten out of hand. In the process of turning our heads towards what we want, we turn our heads away from what others need. Quindlen also explains that Americans' need for possessions has been on a rising trend for years. She views the changing technological times as part of the reason behind this growth. We see this when Quindlen explains, "I suspect television advertising, which made me want a Chatty Cathy doll so much as a kid that when I saw her under the tree my head almost exploded" (par. 4). That's the essential goal of advertising these days. Advertisers are paid to make people want something and to make them want to go out and buy it. These advertisers are getting increasingly better at their jobs as well. I often find myself being drawn into infomercials late at night and wanting everything I see so badly. An example is when I was up late watching an infomercial for a fishing hook. I wanted it so badly, but I don't even fish. In fact, I hate fishing. It's all just a game to big companies. They bait consumers with whatever they can. But it's up to us to decide whether or not we bite. We see advertisements so often in our daily lives that it starts to become part of our normal environment to see faces smiling and endorsing a product on practically every surface. They are included in any and every media outlet. However, why don't we see more advertising for the things people truly need? With the exception of the occasional ASPCA or UNICEF commercial, we rarely see anything highlighting the suffering of others. It's because we don't like to. It makes people uncomfortable. But we can't make a change until we become so uncomfortable with something that we can't stand it anymore. Nobody can deny media is the most powerful method of communication in modern society. Thus, we urgently need to change the way media portrays its content in order to change the world. Readers later view Quindlen's stance that in the process of the increasing need for valuable things related to livelihood, people are

Chalcolithic Culture in the Levant essays

Chalcolithic Culture in the Levant essays The origins of Chalcolithic (approximately 4300-3300 BCE) culture in the Levant are debatable. Arguments exist that the culture developed locally as well as that the culture was intrusive introduced by immigrants to the region. While valid claims can be made for both sides, it is far more reasonable to surmise that Chalcolithic culture formed due to a combinative effect. Certain forms of pottery and methods of working copper show an Iranian influence which may have reached the Levant via Mesopotamia. To say that Chalcolithic culture was entirely intrusive would, however, be premature. The unique nature of Chalcolithic tradition, art and technology does not lend itself to such simple explanation. It would be more feasible to deduce that the advancements made during the Chalcolithic period were brought about by an assimilation of immigrant and indigenous cultures and technologies. While a number of important technological, economic, and social changes may have occurred during this period in the Levant, the most distinguishing feature of Chalcolithic culture was the advancement in copper working. In fact, the name of the period, Chalcolithic, is based on the fact that some dig sites show widespread use of copper; the prefix chalco is based on the Greek word chalcos which translates to copper. Artifacts show that mining and metallurgical skills advanced greatly, as evidenced by copper objects from the Nahal Mishmar Cave of the Treasure which were very skillfully crafted using the lost-wax technique. Copper mines in the Wadi Feinan area of Jordan, south of the Dead Sea, seem to have contributed to the availability of the metal while sites such as Shiqmim show evidence for copper working scattered across much of the site, perhaps indicating that it was a household craft industry. Though copper work was the most defining facet of Chalcolithic culture, other adv a...

Capital Punishment in Political View

Capital Punishment in Political View Introduction Capital punishment refers to death sentences that are accorded to individual offenders by judicial institutions. The sentence has raised controversies especially due to the fact that innocent individuals may be victims of such sentences in inefficient judicial processes. Political influence has also been raising controversies over the sentence.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Capital Punishment in Political View specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper seeks to discuss the political view of capital punishment. The paper will look into political parties’ views over the punishment, its related policies in different countries and related forces towards its abolition. Trend in abolition of the Death Penalty Death penalty can be viewed as a traditional exercise in many territorial jurisdictions as it was widely practiced in many countries. The move for its abolition however started in the nineteenth century with Venezuela in the year 1863. The abolition trend was then spread to other countries across the globe even though it started slowly with a gradual growth. Costa Rica and San Marino joined Venezuela in the nineteenth century to the abolition with only a few more countries in the first half of the twentieth century. By the end of the first half of the twentieth century, only about ten countries had abolished the penalty. The trend however picked up in the second half of the century (Neumayer, 2007). Political Perspective of Capital Punishment Though a number of factors may be attributed to the abolition of Capital punishment by a number of countries, political factors have played a significant role in the trend. This is because quiet a number of the abolitions have been associated with democratic developments in political systems of the countries that have abolished the penalties. This argument is consistent with the fact that all countries that still practices the penalti es, in high numbers, apart from the United States are still under dictatorships. Most of the countries that realized transitions into the abolition also did so following political transformations into democracies. Such political impacts have also been associated with alignments in political views. Conservatives and liberals are for example associated with varying views regarding the abolition of the considered harsh penalty along political lines. These views are for instance significant in both politician and even the electorate (Neumayer, 2007).Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The conservatives are for example identified with the opinion that capital penalty establishes responsibility of the offenders over their crimes. They hold the opinion that the practice is moral as it has a biblical basis. They also believe that by having the penalty, a significant accountability f or crimes by individuals will be held and others will be deterred from committing such crimes. The liberals on the other hand are opposed to the capital penalty which they identify to be harsh to human life. They hold the opinion that the approach is not effective in curbing crimes besides putting innocent lives at risk (American, 2004). Conservatives have in the United States been strongly opposed to the abolition of capital penalty (DPIC, 2010). These divisions have also been realized among countries following their alignment along liberals and conservatives views. China for instance provides an example of imposition of death penalty according to transparency international (Hong, 2008). Conclusion Capital punishment has been enlisting different opinions along political lines as countries move to its abolition with time. Though undertaken at national legislative levels by political leaders, the change is being driven by varied factors such as international pressure and democratic m ovements into movements for human rights preservation. References American. (2004). Issues and allegations: capital punishment. Web. DPIC. (2010). New voices – conservative voices. Web. Hong, L. (2008). China’s death penalty: reforms on capital punishment. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Capital Punishment in Political View specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Neumayer, E. (2007). Death penalty: the political foundations of the global trend towards abolition. Web.

Poverty in Afica ( Ghana) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Poverty in Afica ( Ghana) - Research Paper Example For this reason Africa has poised to become the next frontier of economic growth, yet Ghana and many other African nations have continued to remain in poverty. Majority of the citizens are still in the poverty and a significant proportion has continued to enjoy chronic extreme poverty. In Ghana 28% of the population is living conditions of extreme poverty (Owusu and Mensah, 2013). In this paper therefore, I will be exploring some of the reasons behind Ghana state of poverty despite possessing vast natural resources. Ghana continues to remain poor yet the country is home to vast mineral deposits, arable agricultural land and many other natural resources that are vital to economic development. At a time when manufacturing industries in the Europe, china, Japan, America and beyond are sourcing raw materials almost entirely from the African continent, Ghana and many other nations in Africa have no viable industrial or manufacturing economy beyond agro processing and production of raw materials. This situation can be looked at from different perspectives. Firstly, some have argued that Ghana and the entire Africa lacks knowledge on what can be done with the vast wealth in terms of oil, minerals and gas deposits. It can as well be argued that Ghana does not place any economic value at all to the rich mineral resources. Yet it can also be argued that that Africans are traditionally non-capital oriented and as such they derive satisfaction from just the surface value rather than what lies beneath their natural resource wealth. The most important issue here is that Africa and Ghana in particular is a net exporter of raw materials and this translates into transforming economic benefit for its citizens as would be if it were converting these raw materials into finished products for export. The biggest problem facing Ghana with its rich natural resource base revolves around the capability of converting the resources on a mass scale into finished

Respond to the discussion about Aristotle (for online Essay - 2

Respond to the discussion about Aristotle (for online class-introduction to Ethics) - Essay Example And yes, she is already being virtuous by helping the underground escape group. That is indeed, in itself, a very risky job to do. 2. Your perspective is right, but your interpretation is slightly controversial. I agree with you that by remaining silent, she is doing a right thing. However, you must realize that she will be in no less pain if she gives a â€Å"shut up† call to the bookstore owner for humiliating her religious beliefs. Whether she speaks up, or she remains silent, she is bearing pain either way and is being courageous and virtuous as long as her intention is to save other Jews that depend upon her for help. 3. You have provided a very comprehensive analysis of either of the two decisions, the lady could have made, and have rightly justified the benefits of remaining silent in comparison to opening up. However, I do not agree with you when you tend to make the lady join the bookstore owner in his malicious intentions and wording against the Jewish community, be that apparent or for a positive reason ultimately. As the case explains, the lady is only a low level worker at the bookstore. Therefore, if she tries to let the owner know that she holds similar views about Jews, it will only make the owner suspicious about her.

Intimate Correlation of Media Art and Manufacturing Industry Dissertation - 1

Intimate Correlation of Media Art and Manufacturing Industry - Dissertation Example Manufacturers need to cater to the changing needs of their consumers in order for them to continue with their operations. They need to think of new innovations for their products for them to be globally competitive and for others not to outweigh what they have. It should not be a wonder why manufacturers with this line of thinking have owned the top positions for the best manufacturers in the world. Apple’s Legacy Apple for instance, has come a very long way in producing items that were really suitable for the different tastes of people. As their products continue to innovate, their ability to capture the hearts of the consumers also continue. With this, manufacturers within the same line of business such as Samsung are also following Apple’s steps in innovating their products and giving in to what the customers want. They always come up with ideas that would attend to the latest craze regarding the different gadgets, always leaving their consumers thirsty for more. Whi le it is enough to credit these manufacturers for their ability to innovate and think of new ways to sell their products, it cannot be denied that media art has also affected the success of these manufacturers very effectively. Anyone would be positive in saying that media art can really push consumers to purchase the products that they contain. Advertisements always make a huge impact to customers and it’s the easiest form of influence so that consumers can be attracted to the products. Apple has been in the top of Wall Street for the past years now, since its introduction of the Macintosh personal computers and the portable music players known as iPod. Nowhere in the world can you see anyone who owns any of these gadgets. The way on how these products attained success is a great illustration on how media art and innovation can really be a factor to the manufacturer’s success. Even the littlest image on a magazine, or a small advertisement in a billboards and everythi ng else, if it contains the most important feature that a product has, that would be a plus factor to the manufacturer’s ability to sell. Even as Apple continue to succeed, its owner, Steve Jobs overlooked the fact that he has competitors around. Koontz and Weihrich (2008, pp.331-333) shared what happened between Apple and Windows. Gates has offered Jobs to make the personalized software that he wants, but as soon as Gates took a hold of the Apple’s software, he took advantage of it, and thus, the birth of Microsoft Windows. This only proves that having the most efficient software and resources is not the only key to success in every company. There will always be those who will compete in order to get to the highest position. Microsoft was then successful in pirating Apple’s idea, but the success that the latter has made can still be apprehended for. According to Lussier and Achua (2010, pp.24-25), Apple’s success comes from trying to make things that wou ld be loved by everyone. There is no doubt at this point that everyone loves their products. Together with their brilliant minds, innovation and resourcefulness, media art can always be behind everything that they make. As stated earlier, the easiest way to reach people nowadays and to sell products is through advertising. Media art is a very effective tool in exposing your products in a very simple way. For as long as you know the details to include in the

Managerial Applications of Technology (Emerging IT Trends) 1 Assignment

Managerial Applications of Technology (Emerging IT Trends) 1 - Assignment Example This reduces an organization’s operation cost. In business, it is clear that when it comes to technology the entities that adopt a technology first are always the highest beneficiaries of the technology. This is because by the time the other organizations start adapting the new technology they would have already integrated the new technology into their system. By integrating a technology first a business organization, a business organization will be able to gain a competitive advantage over their competitors. It is therefore advisable for a business organization to adopt new technologies as early as possible (Alam, 2014). However, this should come after serious considerations and research on whether the technology in question will be of any benefit to the business organization. The risk involved in early adaptation is that it is always a big gamble with no assurance of the effectiveness of the technology. The other consideration regarding emerging trends in information technology is that a business organization might decide to prototype a technology before actually adopting it. This will enable them to know if the technology will actually be viable for the organization (Brunetti, 2014). However, the negative thing about prototyping is that it can sometimes be

Politics and Policy Reform In The US Research Paper

Politics and Policy Reform In The US - Research Paper Example During the Golden age, America was faced with the difficulties caused by increased industrialization and urbanization. The challenges prompted the government and political leader to advocate policies to control the emerging big businesses and the welfare of the general public. The federal income tax policy was passed during this time. Moreover, the outcry of the populist reform agenda ensured that senators were directly elected by the people to represent the government of the state in legislation and other national policies. These policies were driven by a progressive movement who late formed a political party in 1912 (Rutgers, 2014). However, the policies have the support from both the Republicans and the Democrats. President Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson, as well as William Howard, argued that they were Progressives. Policy issues have been emanating from the public and unto the politics. The group of writer’s journalist referred to as the muckrakers were responsible for noticing the failure of the American society in early 1900. They build public awareness of the need for change to avert the emergence of a crisis. For example, The Shame of the Cities written by Steffens’ attached the corruption in the municipal councils. Moreover, History of the Standard Oil Company exposed the malpractices of John Rockefeller’s (Rutgers, 2014). These issues raised by public entities formed the basis of a major political appointee to the office of the President (Rutgers, 2014). The history of health care reform date back to late 1800 until the passage of the recent health Acts by the Senate. It has been over a century for the establishment of a government universal health care (Palmer, 1999). An earlier political leader had argued that they were on the roadmap to success, but they ended up failing during a vote in Congress.  

Pricing strategies of Amazon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Pricing strategies of Amazon - Essay Example 231). The most important factor to consider is the pricing of a product, as it is from this that the company will be viewed by the other entities in the industry and also potential customers. In achieving this, companies in general consider three main factors in coming up with viable pricing strategies that ensure their overall success. These are in terms of their basis of laying emphasis. There are the cost-based pricing strategies, which focus on a means of determining prices through incorporation of profit essentials in the product (Cryns 2002, p. 120). Moreover, there is the pricing based on customer observation whereby a business entity considers the best price that could fit accordingly to the customer base of that product. In addition, there is the pricing based on competitor substitutes, which considers competitor pricing to come up with prices that would most likely put a business at a better position for proper and advantageous competition. While these are the main pricing criteria that most companies consider prior to formulating a viable strategy, other entities such as Amazon maximize on their potential in regards to formulating their pricing strategies (Wuebker 2008, p. 111). ... Later on, it diversified into the sale of media such as CDs, DVDs and such other forms as MP3 based media files. After some years of relatively moderate growth, Amazon later on increased in terms of revenue and overall growth to become the largest online store (Smith 2011, p. 167). In addition, the store has diversified its products range to include most basic home appliances, extending further to even foodstuff. In order to achieve this status, and maintain these growth standards, Amazon has strategized effectively, successfully implementing a variety of pricing tactics that have ultimately exalted the entity forward. In light of the above, the first strategies that Amazon employs in attaining its status is the use of dynamic pricing mechanisms in order to spread their market base. In this form of pricing strategy, a company distinguishes between its customers, analyzing the various features that set apart the various categories of customers (Burton & Holden 2010, p. 145). Through t his research, a company focuses on such aspects as the frequency and trend of shopping that a faction of consumers adapts to in the course of carrying out their transaction. Through this kind of critical analysis, a company comes up with prices for its goods in relation to the trends that customers have adopted while purchasing products. As such, the ‘peak’ periods that most customers are carrying out their transactions are often characterized by higher prices than the other periods that customer density is relatively low. In its practices, Amazon extensively uses dynamic pricing strategy to delimit the prices of its products in relation to the cycle of demand as occasioned by the

Managerial Applications of Technology (Emerging IT Trends) 1 Assignment

Managerial Applications of Technology (Emerging IT Trends) 1 - Assignment Example This reduces an organization’s operation cost. In business, it is clear that when it comes to technology the entities that adopt a technology first are always the highest beneficiaries of the technology. This is because by the time the other organizations start adapting the new technology they would have already integrated the new technology into their system. By integrating a technology first a business organization, a business organization will be able to gain a competitive advantage over their competitors. It is therefore advisable for a business organization to adopt new technologies as early as possible (Alam, 2014). However, this should come after serious considerations and research on whether the technology in question will be of any benefit to the business organization. The risk involved in early adaptation is that it is always a big gamble with no assurance of the effectiveness of the technology. The other consideration regarding emerging trends in information technology is that a business organization might decide to prototype a technology before actually adopting it. This will enable them to know if the technology will actually be viable for the organization (Brunetti, 2014). However, the negative thing about prototyping is that it can sometimes be

Pricing strategies of Amazon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Pricing strategies of Amazon - Essay Example 231). The most important factor to consider is the pricing of a product, as it is from this that the company will be viewed by the other entities in the industry and also potential customers. In achieving this, companies in general consider three main factors in coming up with viable pricing strategies that ensure their overall success. These are in terms of their basis of laying emphasis. There are the cost-based pricing strategies, which focus on a means of determining prices through incorporation of profit essentials in the product (Cryns 2002, p. 120). Moreover, there is the pricing based on customer observation whereby a business entity considers the best price that could fit accordingly to the customer base of that product. In addition, there is the pricing based on competitor substitutes, which considers competitor pricing to come up with prices that would most likely put a business at a better position for proper and advantageous competition. While these are the main pricing criteria that most companies consider prior to formulating a viable strategy, other entities such as Amazon maximize on their potential in regards to formulating their pricing strategies (Wuebker 2008, p. 111). ... Later on, it diversified into the sale of media such as CDs, DVDs and such other forms as MP3 based media files. After some years of relatively moderate growth, Amazon later on increased in terms of revenue and overall growth to become the largest online store (Smith 2011, p. 167). In addition, the store has diversified its products range to include most basic home appliances, extending further to even foodstuff. In order to achieve this status, and maintain these growth standards, Amazon has strategized effectively, successfully implementing a variety of pricing tactics that have ultimately exalted the entity forward. In light of the above, the first strategies that Amazon employs in attaining its status is the use of dynamic pricing mechanisms in order to spread their market base. In this form of pricing strategy, a company distinguishes between its customers, analyzing the various features that set apart the various categories of customers (Burton & Holden 2010, p. 145). Through t his research, a company focuses on such aspects as the frequency and trend of shopping that a faction of consumers adapts to in the course of carrying out their transaction. Through this kind of critical analysis, a company comes up with prices for its goods in relation to the trends that customers have adopted while purchasing products. As such, the ‘peak’ periods that most customers are carrying out their transactions are often characterized by higher prices than the other periods that customer density is relatively low. In its practices, Amazon extensively uses dynamic pricing strategy to delimit the prices of its products in relation to the cycle of demand as occasioned by the

Introduction to Cooking Essay Example for Free

Introduction to Cooking Essay Carbohydrates – Starches and sugars are present in foods in many forms 2 Most Important Changes in Carbohydrates Caused by Heat are: 1. Caramelization – browning of sugars; browning of sauteed veggies and golden colour of breads are sample of Caramelization 2. Gelatinization – when starches absorb water and swell; a major principle in the thickening of sauces and in the production of breads and pastries *ACIDS inhibit gelatinization. A sauce thickened with flour or starch will be thinner if it contains acid. FRUIT VEGETABLE FIBER FIBER – group of complex substances that give structure and firmness to plants. Fiber can’t be digested. See more: how to write an introduction The softening of fruits vegetables in cooking is part of the breaking down of fiber. Sugar makes fiber firmer Baking soda makes fiber softer. Vegetables become mushy and lose vitamins PROTEINS a major component of meats, poultry, fish, eggs milk products consist a long chain of components called amino acids COAGULATION – when the proteins unwind, they become attracted to each other and form bonds the coagulated proteins form a solid network of bonds and become firm most proteins complete coagulation are cooked at 160-186Â °F MAILLARD REACTION – is what happens when meat browns happens only on the dry surface of food. CONNECTIVE TISSUES – special proteins present in meat (separates the meat from the bone) FATS are present in meat, fish, poultry, egg, milk products. Important medium for frying Liquid fats are called OIL When heated, they begin to breakdown When hit enough, they begin to smoke and deteriorate rapidly.

Tobacco industry

Tobacco industry Tobacco industry Tobacco industry plays as a pioneer in the modern marketing. Tara Parker-Popes ‘Cigarettes: anatomy of an industry from seed to smoke acknowledge that the tobacco industry represents promotion and marketing itself. It is the industrys marketing ability which made tobacco a high necessity good for billions of people around the world, despite the products nature of harmfulness. The world tobacco industry has been recently hit by the criticism on major companies social responsibility as the awareness of the products harmfulness increases. This is followed by anti smoking campaigns and various regulations in the global market. Despite the adverse environment, the industry is still growing and its influence on the world economy has not weakened. A question then arise, what type of marketing strategy the industry has been applying in order to form a huge global market and what would be effective strategy to adopt in changing environment. The question can be tackled by analysing an individual company which has been adopting its strategy successfully to changing environment. BAT (British American Tobacco) The worlds biggest market is China where 35per cent of the global total output is consumed and industry is state owned monopoly. Outside China there are four major companies which account nearly half of the global market, which PMI (Philip Morris International), with a global market share of 15.6per cent, BAT (British American Tobacco) with 12per cent, JTI (Japan Tobacco International) with 10.6per cent, Imperial Tobacco with 3.5per cent. (Yuk. Pan Kwan, 2008, p18) BAT was founded in 1902 and has sustained a significant industrial presence for over 100 years. They produce 684 billion cigarettes a year through 47 factories in 40 countries with 53,000 employees worldwide. Their continuous growths can be identified from their financial performances, where the figures for growth turn over, revenue and profit is in increase. BAT is the most multinational cooperation among the international tobacco companies operating in five regions around the globe. They are America Pacific, Latin America, Europe, Africa and Middle East and Asia Pacific where Its brands hold robust market positions and have leadership in more than 50 markets. While their competitors focusing on the large and base markets (Philip Morris- US, Japan Tobacco- Japan), BAT successfully adopted marketing strategies to the new environments and developed new markets. BATs success in the South Korean tobacco market is the typical example where its effective marketing strategy adopted to fast changing environment. By looking at the market closely, the factors which led to the success will be identified. BAT in South Korean Tobacco Market BAT has entered South Korean tobacco market in 1988 when state monopoly company KTG (Korean Tobacco and Ginseng)s exclusive monopoly on tobacco sale has abolished. Until 1990s its forefront brands KENT and KOOL has failed to adopt the Korean market and experienced market divest for twice. However by re-positioning its brand to DUNHILL in 1993, the sail started rise and in 1996 BAT successfully occupied the competitive position in Marketing Environment The analysis will start with looking at strengths and weakness the BAT obtained internally over the competitors. The opportunities and threats will then be verified to investigate the external environment the BAT is facing in the Korean tobacco market. This will help understanding BATs strategies and will provide solutions to current environment changes. Strength BAT had effective quality control process which ensures customer satisfaction. Over 300 quality tests exist through the manufacturing process from purchasing raw materials to finished products. The products produced in Korea are regularly sent to the BATs lab in London to ensure its quality is maintained. This helps to deliver the BATs image of high premium tobacco producer, which also aid by its 100 years of history. BATs localisation strategy enforces its competitive position in the market. By having a local production facility, its products are made by locals which dilute possible variance the foreign imported goods obtain. With over 500 salespersons operating through 19 regional offices, BAT is able to gather effective information on sales. Salesperson visits 7,200 retailers across the country twice a week, and conducts monthly marketing surveys which not only improve marketing decisions, but improve company reputation. Weakness Local consumer can be hostile to BAT as there is ambiguos impression of greedy foreign multinationals. Also the products nature of being harmful to health multiplies the issue; a good example would be a campaign held in November 2002 by the Korean Writers Association opposing governments grant on BATs manufacturing plant. The hostility to foreign company can be expressed through various way especially in the tobacco market where many governmental restrictions exist. Opportunity Increasing awareness of tobacco products harmfulness, led to demand rise in high quality and low tar tobacco products. This matches with the image of BATs forefront brand DUNHILL-light and the companys reputation of quality tobacco producer. Threat Privatisation of KTG triggered the competition war between global rivals in the Korean tobacco market. This year JTI (Japan Tobacco International) revealed its plan on construction of new manufacturing plant in Korea where as PMI (Philip Morris International) announced the  £65m expansion on its manufacturing facility by 2009. While the competition between incumbent companies grew stronger, Altadis Group which occupies 27per cent of the world cigar market entered Korean filtered tobacco market with its high premium brand at forefront. Korean tobacco market also suffers from increasing awareness on tobacco products harmfulness over the world. The prohibition campaigns led by social groups effected government legislations to restrict the products promotion, sale and consumption. While looking at BATs opportunity and threat, the external environment factors are identified which had big influences on both company and the industry. In order to look into the strategies, needs arise for more thorough investigation on its current market environment. PEST analysis will be conducted to divide the environment into political, economical and social terms which will be defined in more depth. Political Recently governments around the world have applied added restrictions on the tobacco markets Korean market is no different. Restrictions are mainly set in two different ways; restrictions on the manufacturer and restrictions on the consumer. In Korea the direct promotion of tobacco products are only allowed on the printed publications which its reader groups are verified as male adults, excluding daily publications such as newspapers. However even this way has limit on number of appearance, which is set not to exceed more than 60 times a year per brand. On daily publications, only indirect promotions are allowed where only promotions on the company image can be advertised not the product. In July 2002 BAT was prosecuted by Ministry of health and welfare for directly promoting tobacco products on daily publication which cost company with fine. The international organisations pressure on tobacco market is also growing. In last 30th May, WHO (World Health Organisation) said ‘Governments need to ban all tobacco advertising and promotions to deter adolescents from smoking announcing international agreement on prohibiting tobacco companies product promotion through sponsorship on sports, music, etc. If the government sta rt to force this by legislations, BATs current marketing strategy would be affected strongly as most of its promotions are done through sponsorship. Economical Current recession in world economy spreads negative effects throughout the industries, although its results come out to vary between industries. In 2003 Korean economy experienced a recession caused by what is known as ‘Card-crisis, when major finance companies collapsed. The recession spread across the industries except for alcoholic drink and tobacco market. Through the period, the survey reports that sales for alcoholic drink rose by 3.1per cent and sales for tobacco rose by 8.9per cent. (cho-sun il bo) These results put forward the issue on growing tobacco industry in recent hit by health warning and economic recession. Figure1 and Figure2 also support the argument on increasing demand for tobacco in recession period. KTB Investment Company forecasted as ‘considering the current economic recession, the tobacco sales in Korea will increase in next year. The economic recession also affect the trend of the tobacco market. The recent trend in the Korean tobacco market was on low tar high quality brand and this was the reason BATs DUNHILL-light was successful. However analysts argue that the trend is shifting from low tar cigarette to high tar cigarette due to long recession over economy. If this turns out in true, BATs low tar brands will face decline where as PMIs high tar product; Marlboro will be gained. Social Social concern on the tobacco users health is not a very new issue. However increasing concern on the health-right of the passive smoker brought active antismoking campaigns across the world. by nearly 30% from 67.6% in 2000 to 40.4% in 2008. The figure is still declining and the Ministry of national statistic forecasts that the rate will fall to 30% by 2010. The environmental factor of BAT in Korean tobacco market is now defined. The analysis will be used to identify the BATs current marketing strategies and possible changes to be made in adopting with changing environment. Marketing Strategy Marketing strategy is defined through two main processes. Positioning strategy by correct target segmentation and marketing mix strategy by defining four Ps (Product, Place, Promotion and Price). Positioning strategy can be identified through three processes; defining market segments, targeting selected segments and positioning of products on customers perception. Segmentation Korean tobacco market can be divides into demographic region and psychographic region. With nature of tobacco companies being large co-operations, segmenting geographic region is not necessary especially defining a relatively small Korean market. Also Behavioural segmentations is not effective since all tobacco products are consumed regular basis. Demographic region include segment of different ages and social class. Psychographic region include segment on life style and taste. Age group of 19 to 25 and 25 to 30 have characteristics of putting brand image more important than practical use of the products. Many of these groups admire western culture. Group of age between 30 to 50 and 50 onwards share opposite characteristics from younger group. They are royal to the brand based on their personal favour of the taste of the cigarette. Social classes are divided into upper class, middle class, working class and low class. Upper and middle classes are followers of trend and obtain constant income whereas middle and working classes often influenced by environments such as decreased income, economic recession. Life style groups in Korean tobacco market are divided into patriotic personal group, trend setter group and low price follower group. Patriotic group would prohibit foreign products. They tends limit their choices only to KTG products whereas trend setter group has no limit on the choices. As its name represent low price follower group limit their choices to low price cigarette. Characteristics of both life style group and age group are interlinked. The types of tobacco tastes are mild taste, strong taste and special taste. Mild taste group favours low tar cigarette products and strong taste group favours high tar products. Special taste usually refers to group favouring menthol flavour products and rarely strawberry, banana and other fruit flavour also exist. Targeting BATs marketing strategy in Korean tobacco market starts with targeting correct segments. BAT has been operated globally as a high quality premium cigarette producer and premium brand market is their expertise. They will gain advantages by selecting target market where the premium brands work effectively. BAT has a phrase representing their target segment of ‘ASU30 which stands for adult smoker under 30 and age group of 19 to 25 and 25 to 30 suits into this category. Their characteristics of following brand image and admiring western culture comply with BATs product image. In order to comply with their premium brand the social class need to be focused to upper and middle class. The nature of the cigarette product contains consumption behaviour of continuance purchase and this requires constant income to maintain the behaviour. For segments in taste of the cigarette, BATs DUNHILL-light brand complies with those who favour mild taste. With the increasing health concern, smokers are switching from strong taste cigarette to mild cigarette which contains lower tar rate. While the international rival PMI focuses on strong taste high tar market (Marlboro), BAT can also be benefited by weak competition. Positioning In Korean tobacco market, BAT has targeted ‘age group of under 30s, ‘upper and middle social classes, ‘trend setter group and ‘mild low tar favourers. The positioning strategy which would successfully comply with the targeted groups would be implanting the image of ‘BAT produces high quality premium tobacco. This is achieved through prestige pricing, package design, promotion on company reputations and strict quality measures. Defining 4Ps (Product, Promotion, Price and Place) identifies the products position on the marketing mix. Product BATs forefront brand DUNHILL-light has 84mm length and charcoal filter blended. The design of its package is a key driver to image of the premium brand which consist with unique bevel edged style and octagonal shape. As mentioned in the strengths section, BAT conducts over 300 quality checks during production process insuring customer satisfaction. Promotion BAT often uses promotion method of image positioning than product positioning. Rather than appealing with product itself, image positioning focuses on implanting ambiguous image of product. BATs promotion of DUNHILL-light delivers image of luxurious and conservative. However as BAT targets young consumers under 30s, image re-positioning is vital. The rival companies promotion strategy aiming for young consumers threatens DUNHILL-lights market position. PMIs Marlboro-light obtains active image and JTIs Mild Seven has liberal images. Price BATs current pricing strategy contains prestige pricing which ensures its premium brand image. However as identified in threats part, current economic recession decreases the consumer loyalty to its brand. Correct pricing strategy is required which will satisfy both side of the issues. Place BAT has its unique distribution structure over competitors in the market. They are only tobacco manufacturer which runs own sale system of dealing directly with their retailers. Also by conducting monthly survey on retailer BAT can get to its customers more closely. Chain of 500 salespersons and 7,200 retailers are key success to BAT. Analysing marketing strategies of BAT in Korean tobacco market has helped understanding of how strategies adopt to different marketing environments. BATs current strategies are not only identified but evaluated with suggestion of possible improvements to be made. On the whole through the analysis work, strategy which led industrys continuous growth is identified. Finally applying the BCG (Boston Consulting Growth) model, BAT is a Star company in Korean tobacco market which currently enjoying high market share with high industrial growth. In order to become a Cash Cow, BAT should apply passive marketing strategies increase investments to secure its market share.

Gawains Moral Superiority Revealed in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight :: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

Gawain's Moral Superiority Revealed in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In the final scenes of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Gawain’s encounter with Sir Bertilak allows Gawain to perceive his own flaws, manifested in his acceptance of the Green Girdle. The court’s reaction to his personal guilt highlights the disconnect between him and the other knights of the Round Table. Gawain’s behavior throughout the poem has been most noteworthy; his understanding of his sin, one that many of us would dismiss since it was propelled by his love of life, enhances his stature as a paragon of chivalry. When Gawain shows up at the Green Knight’s chapel, his mere presence provides comfort to his host, who greets him: â€Å"Sir so sweet, you honour the trysts you owe.† Perhaps the green gallant had been expecting Gawain, as representative of the crumbling House of Arthur, to be derelict in his duties. Gawain lives up to his good name. Similarly, he resisted the unbearable temptations of Lady Bertilak on numerous occasions, providing a mere kiss, in accordance with the code of chivalry. Yet, Gawain did err in accepting the girdle; that much cannot be denied. We, the reader, can forgive him since he repents fully, even going so far as to impose penance (of wearing the girdle eternally as a mark of his fall) on himself. It takes a mild rebuke by the Green Knight to crack Gawain’s faà §ade of confident valor. His conscience compels him to break down when confronted by his host as to his indiscretion. However, this happened only when the host had revealed himself to be the same as the Green Knight. We realize that Gawain had previously perceived in Sir Bertilak an equal in knighthood; thus his ease in deceiving him in the exchange of winnings game. When Gawain realizes he was the subject of a test, he sees Bertilak/Green Knight in a different light. The Green Knight now becomes Gawain’s confessor and in doing so assumes a fatherly role. We see that Bertilak perceives Gawain’s fault, his love of life, and irrespective of it, loves Gawain. Despite having sinned, Bertilak sees in Gawain a first-rate knight, far superior to his peers in Camelot, who, faced with the spectre of death, grew silent with cowardice, as the honor of the King lay unguarded.

Leadership Essay -- essays research papers

Twelve O’Clock High Introduction to the paper’s subject, and primary objectives: General information regarding the topic of this paper:  The purpose of this paper is to identify and contrast the different styles of leadership exhibited by two characters found in the 1949 movie Twelve O’Clock High starring Gregory Peck as General Savage, Army Air Forces general. Based on a true story, Twelve O’Clock High is a inspirational account of the highly dangerous precision daylight bombing missions carried out by US Army Air Force’s 918th Bomber Group in England during the last part of World War II. In the beginning of the movie the squadron is commanded by general Davenport. It is very clear that General Davenport’s main concern is the wellbeing of his men. He obviously had developed close interpersonal relationships. The men of the squadron were completely devoted towards Davenport and they trusted any decision that he would make. General Davenport’s affection for his men comes to interfere with his ability to lead them. The squadron suffers heavy losses to planes and heavier losses to soldiers. One instance that clearly demonstrates Davenport’s incapability to uphold his responsibilities as the leader is when he jeopardizes the well being of the entire squadron by ignoring protocol and flying out of formation in the attempt to save one plane. When it becomes apparent to Davenport’s superiors that his emotional feelings have become an obstacle to his effectively leading the squadron they relieve him. General Savage who is ordered to take over the underachieving bomber group experiencing heavy losses because of poor technique and lack of focus. Savage takes a kind of tough love approach, holding his men to the highest standards. Savage makes the point that the ultimate objection of the squadron is to successfully complete the assigned missions. Throughout the movie Savage constantly makes it absolutely clear to the squadron that no one individual’s wellbeing will be placed ahead of the entire team and the success of the team. Initially the changing of the preceding General dispirits the squadron. They felt that General Savage was uncompassionate considering the men as nothing more then numbers that were dispensable at his convenience. After several missions that were marked by a remarkable turnaround in success the man eventually come... ...rganization this movie offers a very concrete example for people in authority to follow. It can also be applied in situations where there has been a recent change in authority. According to the book leaders that have recently entered a position of authority should be more task specific in the way they interact with employees. This will clear up some of the ambiguity associated with the needs of the new leader to the employees. Reasons why Savage succeeded where Davenport failed: Differences in primary motivation: Davenport was primarily motivation was the establishing and maintaining of close interpersonal relationships with his followers. While Savage, on the other hand, was primarily motivated by task accomplishment. As in this type of situation Savage’s style is more effective. However, even though Davenport failed in this situation I feel that his leadership style has the potential to be highly successful in an environment that are more favorable. In this example Savage was faced with a crises. In periods of crisis leaders identify problems and implement solutions tend to be the most effective. Clearly Savage does a better job of making his expectations clear.

Inspection & control programs for wildlife Essay

Wildlife exists in every ecosystem. From the desert, rainforest, plain areas up to developed urban cities and communities we can observe wild animals. These animals, plants and different organisms which have lived through generations of harsh conditions the natural environment has inflicted, without being put under human control comprise what we know as the wildlife. Non-domesticated plants and animals and other organisms make up the different forms of wildlife. Animals and plants are important for human survival. They are consumed for food, man’s basic need to live. They also provide shelter and protection against adverse weather conditions and varying weather patterns. They are use to build houses and create different raw materials that would cater men’s everyday needs. Through the passage of time men have learned to domesticate different species of plants and animals. By domesticating them, access to animals and plants that previously were found only in the wild, was made easier. Foods and different by-products that are obtained from domesticating them can be made available in a matter on time. It relieves people from the burden of hunting and the trouble it presents. Furthermore, by learning to take care of them people had created a more control environment that has greatly benefitted these plants and animals. Competition among the animals was eliminated as needs for survival is sufficiently provided by men. Although the process of domesticating the different species of plants and animals has yielded promising results to men, some species are best left in the wild. Examples of these animals are ferocious creatures such as mountain lions, tigers, coyotes and bears. People will find it very difficult to tame the above mentioned creatures. Coexistence between the family members and community people would be impossible to achieve. Birds are also best left in the wild, as they brighten our sky with their every flight. Wildlife provides men a large number of benefits. Wildlife aids in achieving a balance in nature. They are the lead characters that balance everything in nature, as a result a more diverse wildlife is created (Duke, 1981). Thus, a more convenient, fitting and healthy environment is obtained. Also, they provide more sophisticated raw materials that men used in manufacturing clothes, shoes and other goods used for adornment. Wildlife also contributes to people’s enjoyment in involving to outdoor activities. Hiking, camping and mountaineering are made more exciting with the knowledge about the â€Å"wild†. Wild animals and plants are also hot subjects for anyone taking photographs. But among these outdoor activities, hunting has become the most anticipated form of enjoyment. Each year, more and more are engaged with the said activity. Through the years, men have learned and understand the importance and implication of wildlife to their lives. Today, huge attention is given to wildlife in order to prevent extinction of some animal species. The Federal and State Government are in the forefront of providing services that would ensure the abundance of our wildlife in the future. They are the agencies that have taken full responsibility in creating a diverse wildlife that in turn leads to a healthy environment. They have provided guidelines and programs that would direct every individual to perform appropriate conducts to support their agendas. However, with the continuous effort of the Federal and State Government of uplifting the conditions of the wildlife in different regions, conflicts were born between human and the interests related to wildlife. Boundaries have been crossed that requires immediate actions in order to protect the interests of both parties. Wildlife is a constant threat to human safety. It adversely affects our society. In Arizona, mountain lions are allowed to lurk and roam. It is consider as part of the government’s conservation program symbolizing Arizona’s wilderness. With the lion’s population thriving, death on the people’s livestock increases at a rapid rate. Incidents of attacks to human were also recorded. Aside from the security threat wildlife poses to men, wild animals are carriers of disease that could easily be transmitted to men. Rabies and other airborne diseases are very common for wild animals which can easily be transmitted to people. Wildlife also poses risks to public safety in the field of aviation. Flocks of birds flying in certain altitude can collide with a commercial or military aircraft. Collisions between birds and airplanes are inevitable. Due to the large mass and the aircraft’s movement at high speed, aircrafts are at risk in colliding with birds. Although, birds has the ability to change direction and flight course in a matter of time, the speed level of aircrafts, make it improbable for migrating birds to change their direction of flight before a collision can take place. Bird collisions and accidents involving mammals and other land animals happen mostly during an airplane’s take off and landing. The bulk of the number of collisions happening before take off and during landing is a direct result caused when aircrafts fly at low altitudes. Collisions result to damage of properties that in return lead to the crashing of aircraft, injuries to pilot and passenger and death to some extent. Damages as a result by these collisions amount to million of dollars. The potential for human injury, death and damages to properties always looms largely at hand if wildlife is not placed and kept away from airports and runways. Thus, it is important for airports to be situated in areas far from the route birds used as their migrating patterns. With the different issues wildlife poses, it is then important to maintain a balance between the interest of human and wildlife. Programs and regulations must be made available to the public in order to understand every underlying detail about this issue, since conflicts between wildlife and human is a sensitive topic. The range of environmental, social and economic implications should be carefully considered. To minimize the accidents and threats to public health and safety imposed by wildlife, the Federal and State Government have created programs that would control wildlife activities. In order to control wildlife, technical assistance is important. Technical assistance encompasses information and data studying about wildlife and the damages they brought. It includes managing of problems and at the same time it provides answers and advices in handing out these different issues. In order to effectively control wildlife authorities must first identify and understood the danger the different animal species present in the environment. They should prioritize the dangers these species brought about in order to come up with an effective counter measure. In order for an airport manager to reduce the risk of collision between birds and plane and other accidents brought by wild animals he must first fully understand the situation around the airport’s premises. The Wildlife Services (WS), an agency under the United States Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services (APHIS) assist in providing evaluation and analysis on the different problems created by different wildlife species. A set of rules that will evaluate the dangers, risk factors and threats species of animal present to airports and aircrafts was created. By providing this guideline, the hazards that birds and other species bring to the aviation industry are identified clearly. Managers can then devise preventive schemes that could lessen the accidents brought by the species of animals. This guideline is referred to as risk assessment rating system. The program is applied to every airfield and airport to understand the risks different species posed to flying aircrafts. Furthermore, it enables managers to prioritize the measures they must take. It also provides a brief view of the possible amount of money that would be spent in assuaging the dangers the different animal species presents. Airport managers must also understand and learned about the over all population of the species. Control programs for wildlife include an accurate study about the population of animal species living with in the area of the airport premises. In assessing different threats population data and the overall size of the animal species is a major consideration. Accurate determination of population count provides a better view of the direct dangers species brings to the field of aviation. The greater the population of a certain specie, the greater the dangers they pose to the flying industry. By studying the population species, we can also devise ways of controlling their population. Wildlife Services spends millions of dollars in controlling the animal’s population. By killing the predators, such as bears, lions, and coyotes casualties to public damages are lessen (Nijhuis, 1998). Birds are also killed as they are poisoned, shot, gassed and caught in traps. Although call for non-violent measures for controlling the animal’s population is made, the agency continues to apply this method of managing the species’ population. They continue doing such method, by justifying that the actions are selective, and they only kill predators, upon human request, which have causes damage and pose grave threats to human. Whether or not the approach of dealing with the problems the wildlife presents, is appropriate or not will depend in a number of reasoning, which include the animal specie, the harm inflicted to humans, the geographical locations and rules, regulations and law of a particular city (Fisher, 1996). However airport managers can consider immediate actions that can be done to resolve the problems imposed by birds and other animals. A possibility is using scare tactics that would drive the animals away from the site. This approach is commonly performed in dealing with problems related to birds. In order to protect crops, scarecrows are made that frightens and pushes the birds that feed on them away. Scare tactics are more commonly referred to as harassments (Fisher, 1996). By clearing airspace and the air dome, above the airport operations, fewer accidents may happen. However, not all birds respond well to the harassment applications utilized by airport companies. Some bird’s species are difficult to scare. Some takes longer time in order to be driven away while others come back to the site after days of being gone. A study conducted showed that major number of accidents involved geese. This is a result of the geese’s ability to fly in a much higher altitude compared with other birds. To resolve this standing problem, airport managers enlist the help of Border Collies. Border collie is a breed of dog particularly used in assisting with the handling and managing of livestock. With the aid of these dogs, geese are driven away from the airport’s premises and area of operation. Geese respond well to the harassment imposed by Border collie. Another method apply in controlling wildlife is removing an animal from the site that causes the damage by relocating them to different areas. The process of snaring and providing traps are use here. The main purpose is to relocate the animal’s habitat. They are provided with new home that is far from the airport premises. By combining and incorporating the different actions discussed above a method known as Integration Pest Method is made. Since most accidents involving wildlife occurs before take off and during landing, it is important to take note that other species of animals contribute to these incidents. Collision between birds and aircrafts are not the only accident that may arise. Different land animals can also cause serious problems to airport managers. Deer running on runways and feeding on young tree shoots around the airport premises are also major cause of accidents. Damages to properties and facilities are also obtained that further risk the safety of passengers and personnel. To drive land animals away from the airport’s field of operations, managers adopt procedures which include the use of repellants in their properties. By using chemicals as repellants, they are able to drive population of deer away from the airport premises. They also incorporate fencing to ensure that deer would be kept away from runways. From previous studies conducted, fencing is the most reliable method of controlling deer and other land animal’s population. Airport facilities are sometimes provided with high-voltage electric fence. In that way, deer and other animals will avoid contact with the fence and entry with in the airport would be improbable. Animals are then driven away the airport area thus accidents that may arise can be lessen. Another, program that the government applies in controlling deer and animal’s population is the handing out of permits to hunters during hunting season. Permits â€Å"to kill† are given as necessary measure to reduce the deer’s population (Mills, 1992). Although by providing a thorough study about the population of wild animals generates a great advantage in reducing the dangers certain species create, management and control of the specie’s population will not solve the problem alone. Different concepts and ideas must be integrated to provide greater security and protection. An important and immediate action that can be done to resolve wildlife related problems such as animals damaging a resource is to remove the resource away from the animals. However relocating airport facilities is impractical, because of the huge amount of money that will be involved and for other obvious reasons. The locations of the species with respect to construction of airport facilities must be considered. The closer runways and airport facilities to habitat of animal species the greater the danger an aircrafts is exposed to. Before constructions of new facilities are made, a detailed study must first be accomplished. Since facilities are constructed far from the home of geese and different migratory birds, accidents in runways can be prevented. Approach and take off patterns of aircrafts are also important factors that result to collision accidents with birds. Presence of birds on runways, changes a pilot’s approach on flight operations. Pilots have to be extra cautious as presence of birds is distinguished. In order to address this problem, the field of aviation provides a training program that would equip every personnel with the much needed skills. Even with the presence of migrating birds and animals from the wilderness, safety of aircraft flights will rely heavily on the methods and the capability of an airport to provide accurate air traffic and control data. Thus programs, that provide strict training for every personnel are given by airport managers. The primary method of controlling and monitoring immediate air traffic is by observation at the airport tower. By providing adequate training, personnel positioned inside the tower control can give accurate data about presence of birds or other animal species. Air Traffic Control personnel inside the tower control and the pilot manning the plane should be well trained, posses good eyesight and is able to infer and deduced decision in split-second (Spence, 2000). They should thrive on pressure and stress. They should never be rattled and should always have a sound decision at hand. They must always expect the worst case scenario and prepare a contingency plan. It is all because the safety of the pilot and the passengers rely heavily on their shoulders. This is why before a person is hired as controllers or trusted to fly an aircraft he must first pass several tests. He should be familiar with the different devices use in ATC. The training an employee obtained will make him qualified and responsible for controlling and monitoring aircrafts that would land and depart. Furthermore, he can provide clear information with respect to various ground vehicles and land animals found on runways. Nowadays, the lack of qualified personnel in different businesses is evident that affect their competitiveness in the market. Thus, programs that provide adequate training for staffs is one way of controlling accidents related to wildlife. The development in technology also offers the field of aviation equipments and devices that gives major help to the flying industry (Burkhardt, 1967). As new electronic and computer devices are invented, threats and dangers in flying are greatly reduced (Gilbert, 1973). With the advent of new technology control of air traffic is achieved smoothly and with the airport managers adapting the use of these technological devices, damages and risk of accidents from collision of birds and with land animals during take off and landing is lessen. Use of powerful radars has provided huge benefit to air port managers and passengers. Of thee different equipments provided by the advent of technological development, use of radars contribute largely in monitoring wildlife activity inside an airport premises. Radars are primary use to enable controllers to locate the aircrafts, identify them and view their different speed (Gilbert, 1973). With radars at hand controllers are able to gather information for air traffic control. In the field of aviation a little deviation from the actual status of the plane and the information at hand may lead to accidents. Thus, a much powerful device or radar system that would provide larger information is needed and modernization of these equipments will greatly reduce the risks in flying and aviation related problems such as flight delays and lost air crafts. Accidents caused by wild animals can be avoided as more powerful radars are developed. These radars are designed to control vehicles on the ground and monitor ground traffic caused by run away land animals and flocks of birds especially during night wherein poor visibility exists. This modernized radar system that experts are trying to develop is referred as the surface movement radar. Up to this day continuous researches are conducted to develop modern radars which include a detailed quality mapping of different regions, data blocks, target air crafts and security alerts which are far more helpful compare to data displays by older radars which is limited to map of the airport and target. With the different information provided by these radars data about population of animal species, characteristics of the flock or the herds, the map of their environment can then be easily accessed. Thus, with the application of these products caused by influx of technological advancement, damages caused by wild animals to properties are limited. Wildlife has provided men with benefits since the dawn of time. Food, clothes and men’s primary needs are provided by them. Thus, protection of wildlife is a responsibility for everyone. However, we can never deny the fact the dangers they also present upon us. Public health and safety are at always risk as they thrive. Aviation is one field that is largely affected by the damages brought by wild species of animals such as flocks of birds and herds of deer. It is important that wildlife and human interest are met. Thus, in order to protect the welfare of men, programs and different methods of controlling wildlife is observed around airport premises. Methods used are mixtures of traditional techniques, such as enlisting the aid of Border collie to drive away geese, and modern day practice which rely on the development of technology. It is important that in applying these methods in controlling and managing wildlife, men should not take for the granted the importance wildlife brings to us. References Burkhardt, R. (1967). The Federal Aviation Administration.New York: Frederick A. Praeger. Duke, T. (1981). Wildlife Protection. Conservation, 5. Fisher, P. (1996). Humaneness and vertebrate pest control. Victoria: Government of Victoria. Gilbert, G. A. (1973). Gilbert, Glen A. Air Traffic Control: The Uncrowded Sky. Washington, D. C. : Smithsonian Institution Press. Mills, J. (1992). Controlled Hunting is Environmentally Friendly. Conservation, 19. Nijhuis, M. (1998). Predator control gets out of control. High Country News. Spence, C. F. (2000). Aeronautical Information Manual/Federal Aviation Regulations. New York: McGraw-Hill.